| 1. | Factory managers understate their potential output .
工厂的管理人员少报他们的潜在产量。 |
| 2. | Potential output is hard to estimate , let alone predict
潜在产出很难评估，更别说预测。 |
| 3. | Full - employment output potential output
充分就业产出或潜在产出 |
| 4. | By looking at such trends , economists can estimate future potential output
纵观这些趋势，经济学家们便能大致估计出未来的潜在产出。 |
| 5. | With only one - third of the screen occupied by each primary , two - thirds of the potential output is wasted
屏幕中仅三分之一是由各种原色占有，其余三分之二的潜在输出色也就浪费了。 |
| 6. | As a result , potential output can temporarily diverge from its underlying trends , making it even harder to estimate
因此，潜在产出会暂时偏离它的总趋势，这使得对它的估计更加困难。 |
| 7. | Specially as is pointed , the output gap ( the difference of actual output and potential output ) has already become a very important a signal of the policy
特别要指出的是,产出缺口(实际产出和潜在产出的差额)已经成为一个很重要的政策指标。 |
| 8. | Financial markets will be disturbed as conventional wisdom adjusts from an assumption of 3 - 3 . 5 % potential output growth , and investors downgrade their expectations
人们通常会以3 - 3 . 5 %的潜在产出增长为标准进行调整，如此一来，金融市场将会受到扰动，投资者也会调低他们的预期。 |
| 9. | It seems very likely , then , that america ' s labour supply will grow more slowly . and if that happens , potential output growth will too , unless productivity growth accelerates
那么很有可能美国劳动力供给将增长得更加缓慢，而且，如果这种状况发生的话，潜在产出增长也会一样。除非生产率增长加速上涨，否则情况不会改观。 |
| 10. | The relation between economy equilibrium and equilibrium real exchange rate is that the equilibrium exchange rate is the level of real exchange rate carrying out the current account and the capital account equilibriums in the case of the potential output
第三章系统介绍了目前较为流行的均衡实际汇率理论和相关模型,并分别分析了其优缺点,为后面实证研究奠定了理论基础。 |
